Games like Mandala
Games like Mandala include Nova Drift, Chippy, GRIS, Touhou Koumakyou: New Classic - the Embodiment of Scarlet Devil, and Bit Blaster XL. We matched them by the tags players give Mandala on Steam (Arena Shooter, Bullet Hell, Shoot 'Em Up, Colorful, and Psychedelic): closest matches first, and among equally close ones the better-known games.

Nova Drift
Shared: Bullet Hell · Shoot 'Em Up · Arena Shooter

Chippy
Shared: Bullet Hell · Arena Shooter · Shoot 'Em Up

GRIS
Shared: Atmospheric · Relaxing · Female Protagonist

Touhou Koumakyou: New Classic - the Embodiment of Scarlet Devil
Shared: Bullet Hell · Shoot 'Em Up · Female Protagonist

Bit Blaster XL
Shared: Bullet Hell · Shoot 'Em Up · Shooter

SNKRX
Shared: Arena Shooter · Shoot 'Em Up · Top-Down Shooter

Picayune Dreams
Shared: Bullet Hell · Colorful · Psychedelic

Planes, Bullets and Vodka
Shared: Shoot 'Em Up · Bullet Hell · Shooter

Time Wasters
Shared: Bullet Hell · Arena Shooter · Shoot 'Em Up

Sektori
Shared: Shoot 'Em Up · Arena Shooter · Colorful

20 Minutes Till Dawn
Shared: Bullet Hell · Shoot 'Em Up · Top-Down Shooter

Touhou Juuouen 〜 Unfinished Dream of All Living Ghost.
Shared: Bullet Hell · Shoot 'Em Up · Shooter

Titan Attacks!
Shared: Arena Shooter · Bullet Hell · Shoot 'Em Up

Beat Hazard
Shared: Bullet Hell · Shoot 'Em Up · 2D

TouHou Makuka Sai ~ Fantastic Danmaku Festival Part III
Shared: Bullet Hell · Shoot 'Em Up · Female Protagonist

State of Anarchy: Master of Mayhem
Shared: Bullet Hell · Shoot 'Em Up · Arena Shooter

ZeroRanger
Shared: Shoot 'Em Up · Bullet Hell · Indie

BALL x PIT
Shared: Bullet Hell · Shoot 'Em Up · Top-Down Shooter

Touhou Kinjoukyou ~ Fossilized Wonders.
Shared: Bullet Hell · Shoot 'Em Up · Shooter

Sky Force Reloaded
Shared: Shoot 'Em Up · Bullet Hell · Top-Down Shooter

Waves
Shared: Bullet Hell · Shoot 'Em Up · Shooter

Touhou Tenkuushou ~ Hidden Star in Four Seasons.
Shared: Bullet Hell · Shoot 'Em Up · Female Protagonist

Everhood
Shared: Bullet Hell · Psychedelic · 2D

Vampire Survivors
Shared: Bullet Hell · 2D · Indie