Games like Astrominer
Games like Astrominer include Terraria, Starbound, No Man's Sky, EVE Online, and Elite Dangerous. We matched them by the tags players give Astrominer on Steam (Adventure, Arcade, Exploration, Platformer, and Sandbox): closest matches first, and among equally close ones the better-known games.

Terraria
Shared: Sandbox · Adventure · Exploration

Starbound
Shared: Adventure · Sandbox · Space

No Man's Sky
Shared: Exploration · Space · Open World

EVE Online
Shared: Exploration · Adventure · Space Sim

Elite Dangerous
Shared: Exploration · Space · Space Sim

Rain World
Shared: Exploration · Platformer · Adventure

ASTRONEER
Shared: Exploration · Space · Open World

SPORE™
Shared: Sandbox · Exploration · Open World

Kerbal Space Program
Shared: Space · Sandbox · Space Sim

Hollow Knight
Shared: Platformer · Exploration · Adventure

Slime Rancher
Shared: Adventure · Exploration · Open World

Kerbal Space Program 2
Shared: Exploration · Sandbox · Space

Outer Wilds
Shared: Exploration · Adventure · Space

Core Keeper
Shared: Exploration · Open World · Sandbox

Avorion
Shared: Exploration · Sandbox · Space

The Forest
Shared: Adventure · Open World · Exploration

Spaceflight Simulator
Shared: Sandbox · Exploration · Space

The Long Dark
Shared: Exploration · Adventure · Open World

Empyrion - Galactic Survival
Shared: Space · Exploration · Open World

Keplerth
Shared: Adventure · Exploration · Sandbox

Fallout 4
Shared: Exploration · Adventure · Open World

FEZ
Shared: Platformer · Exploration · Adventure

Planet Centauri
Shared: Exploration · Sandbox · Open World

Don't Starve
Shared: Adventure · Sandbox · Exploration